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Email Foundations

Email as a Distributed System
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TTL

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Authentication
DNS
Reputation
Warmup
Deliverability
Inbox Placement

TTL

Time to live — how long resolvers may cache a DNS answer.

Reading time:: 5 min
Difficulty:: Beginner
Estimated duration:: 5 min
Prerequisites:: DNS
Last updated:: 2026-07-15
Author:: empire

Definition

TTL controls how long cached DNS answers remain valid before refresh.

Prerequisites

DNSDomain Name System — the lookup fabric email authentication depends on.

DNSDomain Name System — the lookup fabric email authentication depends on.

Open step-by-step: Roll DNS changes with TTL strategyLower TTL, dual-publish, cut over, then raise TTL again.

PreviousSOA records NextDNS propagation

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